{"id":11444,"date":"2025-10-02T03:15:49","date_gmt":"2025-10-02T03:15:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cms.haseca.leads.vn\/nguy-co-ngo-doc-thuc-pham-tai-bep-an-tap-the-va-bien-phap-phong-tranh\/"},"modified":"2026-03-28T05:51:23","modified_gmt":"2026-03-28T05:51:23","slug":"nguy-co-ngo-doc-thuc-pham-tai-bep-an-tap-the-va-bien-phap-phong-tranh-big","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haseca.com\/data\/nguy-co-ngo-doc-thuc-pham-tai-bep-an-tap-the-va-bien-phap-phong-tranh-big\/","title":{"rendered":"Nguy c\u01a1 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1i b\u1ebfp \u0103n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh công nghi\u1ec7p hóa, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i hóa, các b\u1ebfp \u0103n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n và khu công nghi\u1ec7p ngày càng tr\u1edf thành mô hình ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 hàng nghìn su\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u1ed7i ngày. Tuy nhiên, \u0111i kèm v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i ích v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi phí, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho s\u1ed1 \u0111ông thì nguy c\u01a1 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1i b\u1ebfp \u0103n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng là m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf trong quy trình ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn hay b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u0169ng có th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghiêm tr\u1ecdng cho hàng tr\u0103m, th\u1eadm chí hàng nghìn ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"B\u1ebfp<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 này \u0111òi h\u1ecfi không ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 quan tâm t\u1eeb phía doanh nghi\u1ec7p cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 su\u1ea5t \u0103n mà còn c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n lý an toàn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, các c\u01a1 quan y t\u1ebf và chính b\u1ea3n thân ng\u01b0\u1eddi tiêu dùng. Bài vi\u1ebft này phân tích các nguyên nhân ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n gây ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m trong b\u1ebfp \u0103n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 và \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n pháp phòng tránh toàn di\u1ec7n, có tính th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n cao.<\/p>\n

1. Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1i b\u1ebfp \u0103n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 – hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 quan<\/h2>\n

Khác v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1eefa \u0103n gia \u0111ình, b\u1ebfp \u0103n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn su\u1ea5t \u0103n trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t sai sót nh\u1ecf trong quy trình ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u0169ng có th\u1ec3 gây ra h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghiêm tr\u1ecdng. Theo th\u1ed1ng kê t\u1eeb B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf, trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2020–2023, có hàng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn, trong \u0111ó ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i khu công nghi\u1ec7p, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, n\u01a1i b\u1eefa \u0103n t\u1eadp trung \u0111ông ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m nguy hi\u1ec3m là ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hàng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi cùng lúc, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng quá t\u1ea3i, tác \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng và uy tín doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Không ít v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c \u0111ã khi\u1ebfn công nhân ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n hàng lo\u1ea1t, làm \u0111ình tr\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, th\u1eadm chí gây t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t tài chính nghiêm tr\u1ecdng cho c\u1ea3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p và \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p su\u1ea5t \u0103n.<\/p>\n

Nguyên nhân sâu xa th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 quan trong khâu ch\u1ecdn nguyên li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c ý th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef gìn v\u1ec7 sinh cá nhân khi làm vi\u1ec7c trong b\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

2. Các nguyên nhân ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn gây ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m trong b\u1ebfp \u0103n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3<\/h2>\n

Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m trong b\u1ebfp \u0103n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 không x\u1ea3y ra ng\u1eabu nhiên, mà th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t phát t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u nguyên nhân c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, có th\u1ec3 phân nhóm nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

2.1. Nguyên li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u vào không \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o<\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb b\u1ebfp \u0103n vì ch\u1ea1y theo chi phí th\u1ea5p nên mua nguyên li\u1ec7u kém ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1eadm chí không rõ ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c. Th\u1ecbt, cá có th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n, rau c\u1ee7 có d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, g\u1ea1o m\u1ed1c ch\u1ee9a aflatoxin. \u0110ây chính là m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1m tàng gây ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

2.2. Quy trình s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf và ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn không an toàn<\/h3>\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n chéo do d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn không tách bi\u1ec7t, ví d\u1ee5 th\u1edbt thái th\u1ecbt s\u1ed1ng dùng chung v\u1edbi rau c\u1ee7 \u0111ã r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch. Bên c\u1ea1nh \u0111ó, vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea5u ch\u01b0a chín k\u1ef9 ho\u1eb7c hâm l\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n làm gia t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 vi khu\u1ea9n phát tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

2.3. B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n và v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m không \u0111úng quy chu\u1ea9n<\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ebfp \u0103n không có h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh công nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c kho mát \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m chín b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ngoài môi tr\u01b0\u1eddng quá lâu, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft nóng \u1ea9m \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong khi \u0111ó, quy trình v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n su\u1ea5t \u0103n t\u1eeb b\u1ebfp trung tâm \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 n\u1ebfu không gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ee3p lý c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 khi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0103n b\u1ecb ôi thiu.<\/p>\n

2.4. Nhân viên thi\u1ebfu ý th\u1ee9c v\u1ec7 sinh<\/h3>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 có th\u1ec3 mang m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n qua th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 viêm gan A, th\u01b0\u01a1ng hàn, n\u1ebfu không \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khám s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3. Ngoài ra, thói quen không r\u1eeda tay, không mang g\u0103ng tay ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea9u trang c\u0169ng góp ph\u1ea7n làm t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 lây nhi\u1ec5m chéo.<\/p>\n

2.5. Ki\u1ec3m soát an toàn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m còn h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/h3>\n

\u1ede nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, công tác thanh tra, ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ebfp \u0103n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn hành th\u01b0\u1eddng xuyên. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf vi ph\u1ea1m ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t hành chính nh\u1eb9, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c r\u0103n \u0111e, khi\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 tái di\u1ec5n cao.<\/p>\n

3. Tác \u0111\u1ed9ng nghiêm tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eadp th\u1ec3<\/h2>\n

Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1i b\u1ebfp \u0103n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 không ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n mà còn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 dây chuy\u1ec1n:<\/p>\n