{"id":11741,"date":"2025-10-21T02:14:44","date_gmt":"2025-10-21T02:14:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cms.haseca.leads.vn\/suat-an-truong-hoc-va-moi-lien-he-voi-benh-hoc-duong-goc-nhin-chuyen-gia-dinh-duong\/"},"modified":"2026-03-28T06:19:08","modified_gmt":"2026-03-28T06:19:08","slug":"suat-an-truong-hoc-va-moi-lien-he-voi-benh-hoc-duong-goc-nhin-chuyen-gia-dinh-duong-sws","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haseca.com\/data\/suat-an-truong-hoc-va-moi-lien-he-voi-benh-hoc-duong-goc-nhin-chuyen-gia-dinh-duong-sws\/","title":{"rendered":"Su\u1ea5t \u0103n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u2013 G\u00f3c nh\u00ecn chuy\u00ean gia dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111ây, tình tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ecdc sinh m\u1eafc các b\u1ec7nh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 béo phì, suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, thi\u1ebfu máu hay r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tiêu hóa \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng \u0111áng k\u1ec3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i các \u0111ô th\u1ecb l\u1edbn. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguyên nhân sâu xa \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng và c\u1ea5u trúc c\u1ee7a su\u1ea5t \u0103n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc – n\u01a1i \u0111áng l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i là b\u1eefa \u0103n cân b\u1eb1ng, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 phát tri\u1ec3n toàn di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb góc nhìn c\u1ee7a chuyên gia dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, bài vi\u1ebft này s\u1ebd phân tích sâu m\u1ed1i liên h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng và b\u1ec7nh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i pháp thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m xây d\u1ef1ng mô hình su\u1ea5t \u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chu\u1ea9n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng – an toàn – phù h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

1. Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng su\u1ea5t \u0103n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam: B\u1ee9c tranh ch\u01b0a tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/h3>\n

Theo th\u1ed1ng kê c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng Qu\u1ed1c gia, có t\u1edbi 30% tr\u1ebb em thành th\u1ecb b\u1ecb th\u1eeba cân béo phì, trong khi \u1edf nông thôn, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ea5p còi v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c 19–22%. \u0110i\u1ec1u này cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 chênh l\u1ec7ch l\u1edbn trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.
Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn coi su\u1ea5t \u0103n bán trú là “ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5” – ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee7 no, ch\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cân \u0111\u1ed1i các nhóm ch\u1ea5t (ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1m, tinh b\u1ed9t, ch\u1ea5t béo, vitamin và khoáng ch\u1ea5t). M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1ea5t là các tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngoài công l\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1eddng vùng sâu, còn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng su\u1ea5t \u0103n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn s\u1eb5n ho\u1eb7c thuê ngoài mà không có ki\u1ec3m soát dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Ví d\u1ee5, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc \u1edf qu\u1eadn Bình Tân (TP.HCM), th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n tu\u1ea7n t\u1eebng b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n ánh có t\u1edbi 4\/5 b\u1eefa tr\u01b0a là món chiên rán, khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tiêu hóa và n\u1ed5i m\u1ee5n do d\u01b0 d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng công l\u1eadp \u1edf Hà Giang, su\u1ea5t \u0103n h\u1ecdc sinh ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed3m c\u01a1m tr\u1eafng, tr\u1ee9ng lu\u1ed9c và rau lu\u1ed9c – thi\u1ebfu hoàn toàn ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt và ch\u1ea5t béo c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ec7ch trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, dù nh\u1ecf, n\u1ebfu kéo dài có th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn các b\u1ec7nh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nghiêm tr\u1ecdng mà ph\u1ee5 huynh và nhà tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadn ra.<\/p>\n

2. M\u1ed1i liên h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa su\u1ea5t \u0103n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc và b\u1ec7nh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n

2.1. Béo phì h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng: Khi kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n “quá t\u1ea3i” n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h4>\n

M\u1ed9t su\u1ea5t \u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p lý cho h\u1ecdc sinh ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc nên có m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung bình kho\u1ea3ng 550–650 kcal\/b\u1eefa, tuy nhiên kh\u1ea3o sát c\u1ee7a Trung tâm Dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng TP.HCM cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eefa \u0103n v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c này t\u1edbi 20–30% do dùng quá nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ecbt, \u0111\u1ed3 chiên và tinh b\u1ed9t.
H\u1ecdc sinh không v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u, trong khi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ea1p vào cao khi\u1ebfn m\u1ee1 tích t\u1ee5 nhanh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eeba cân, béo phì. Béo phì không ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ngo\u1ea1i hình mà còn làm t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tuýp 2, t\u0103ng huy\u1ebft áp, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n m\u1ee1 máu – nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 g\u1eb7p \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng thành.<\/p>\n

Ví d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, bé H.T. (10 tu\u1ed5i, Hà N\u1ed9i) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phát hi\u1ec7n có ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 BMI 24,5 (béo phì \u0111\u1ed9 I). Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0a t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a bé có t\u1edbi 150g c\u01a1m, 80g gà chiên, 100ml s\u1eefa có \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng và thêm bánh ng\u1ecdt tráng mi\u1ec7ng. Theo phân tích c\u1ee7a chuyên gia, kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n này cung c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 850 kcal, v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

2.2. Suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng: Khi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng và vi ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecb b\u1ecf quên<\/h4>\n

Trái ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi tình tr\u1ea1ng béo phì, \u1edf vùng nông thôn, không ít h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1eabn suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb9 cân do kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n nghèo nàn, ít \u0111\u1ea1m, thi\u1ebfu d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 và rau qu\u1ea3. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi phí su\u1ea5t \u0103n d\u1eabn t\u1edbi b\u1eefa \u0103n không \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t – nh\u1ea5t là thi\u1ebfu s\u1eaft, canxi, vitamin A.
H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 là tr\u1ebb h\u1ecdc y\u1ebfu, ch\u1eadm phát tri\u1ec3n chi\u1ec1u cao, d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh do h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch kém. \u1ede l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, thi\u1ebfu s\u1eaft còn gây thi\u1ebfu máu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc sinh m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, m\u1ea5t t\u1eadp trung trong gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Ví d\u1ee5, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Trung, m\u1ed7i su\u1ea5t \u0103n ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 12.000–15.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng, g\u1ed3m c\u01a1m, canh bí \u0111\u1ecf, tr\u1ee9ng chiên và n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ecdc. Tr\u1ebb \u0103n no b\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0ng không nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee7 vi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho phát tri\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t và trí não.<\/p>\n

2.3. R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tiêu hóa, ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: Khi an toàn b\u1ecb coi nh\u1eb9<\/h4>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a su\u1ea5t \u0103n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc là an toàn v\u1ec7 sinh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. Các v\u1ee5 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c hàng lo\u1ea1t x\u1ea3y ra trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc th\u1eddi gian qua ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn do khâu b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n và ngu\u1ed3n nguyên li\u1ec7u kém an toàn.
Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1ea5u s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 quá lâu, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n không \u0111úng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c nguyên li\u1ec7u không rõ ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c có th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a vi khu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 Salmonella<\/em>, E.coli<\/em> gây tiêu ch\u1ea3y, nôn ói, m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 2024, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng bán trú \u1edf B\u1eafc Giang, h\u01a1n 120 h\u1ecdc sinh nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n sau b\u1eefa tr\u01b0a do nghi ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1eeb món gà xào n\u1ea5u s\u1eb5n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 xét nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u1ee9a vi khu\u1ea9n Staphylococcus aureus<\/em> v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c cho phép. \u0110ây là minh ch\u1ee9ng rõ ràng r\u1eb1ng, su\u1ea5t \u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng không ch\u1ec9 là dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng mà còn là s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe và an toàn tính m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

\"su\u1ea5t<\/p>\n

3. Nguyên nhân sâu xa: T\u1eeb nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn quy trình v\u1eadn hành<\/h3>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, thi\u1ebfu chuyên gia dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc.
Hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc – \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t là tr\u01b0\u1eddng công l\u1eadp – ch\u01b0a có nhân s\u1ef1 chuyên trách v\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xây d\u1ef1ng theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ho\u1eb7c sao chép t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng khác. \u0110i\u1ec1u này d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebfu cân \u0111\u1ed1i, không phù h\u1ee3p t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 hai, áp l\u1ef1c chi phí su\u1ea5t \u0103n.
M\u1ee9c giá trung bình 20.000–30.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/su\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i “li\u1ec7u c\u01a1m g\u1eafp m\u1eafm”, \u01b0u tiên món r\u1ebb, d\u1ec5 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, thay vì món có giá tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cao. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi phí nguyên li\u1ec7u và nhân công khi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eefa \u0103n khó \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 ba, thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa nhà tr\u01b0\u1eddng – ph\u1ee5 huynh – nhà cung c\u1ea5p.
Nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 huynh không n\u1eafm rõ tiêu chu\u1ea9n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, ch\u1ec9 quan tâm con \u0103n “\u0111\u1ee7 no, \u0103n ngon mi\u1ec7ng”. Nhà tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a có c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf giám sát minh b\u1ea1ch, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng cách thông tin và ni\u1ec1m tin gi\u1eefa các bên.<\/p>\n

4. Gi\u1ea3i pháp c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb góc nhìn chuyên gia dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/h3>\n

4.1. Chu\u1ea9n hóa th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n theo nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1eebng l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i<\/h4>\n

Theo ThS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Thanh H\u01b0\u01a1ng – chuyên gia dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea7n kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n riêng bi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n